suggested reading

The abundance of coastal pelagic species is strongly influenced by environmental cycles. El Niño-
La Niña events are short-term cycles. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation is a longer term oceanic
cycle. Read more about these natural cycles, as well as a status report on California’s Living Marine
Resources by clicking on the following links:

California’s Living Marine Resources: A Status Report

Coastal Pelagic Species: Overview (146Kb PDF)
California Market Squid (416Kb PDF)
Pacific Sardine (300Kb PDF)
Northern Anchovy (220Kb PDF)
Pacific Mackerel (420Kb PDF)
Jack Mackerel (348Kb PDF)
Pacific Northern Bluefin Tuna (828Kb PDF)
Skipjack Tuna (616Kb PDF)
Yellowfin Tuna (620Kb PDF)

Reconstruction of the History of Pacific Sardine and Northern Anchovy Populations Over the Past Two Millennia from Sediments of the Santa Barbara Basin, California (1.49MB PDF)
By Tim Baumgartner et al (In CalCOFI Report Vol. 33, 1992)

The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) (312Kb PDF)
By Steven Hare


The Pacific Decadal Oscillation - A summary (408Kb PDF)
By Nathan Mantua, Ph.D.

Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) (503Kb PDF)

Indices of El Niño Evolution (Abstract) (111Kb PDF)
By Kevin Trenberth et al